In which position is a resident sitting up in bed and leaning over a table to breathe?

The position where a resident is sitting up in bed and leaning over a table to breathe is known as the orthopneic position. This method is often employed to aid individuals who have difficulty breathing. It enables the patient to optimize lung expansion, facilitating easier airflow and reducing the work of breathing. Leaning forward also helps to engage the diaphragm more effectively, allowing for improved oxygen intake.

In contrast, the supine position involves lying flat on the back, which may not be helpful for those with respiratory distress. The lateral position, which entails lying on one's side, can also provide some relief but does not support the same breathing efficacy as the orthopneic position. The prone position requires the individual to lie face down, which is not conducive for those experiencing breathing difficulties. Thus, the orthopneic position is specifically designed to assist individuals facing respiratory challenges, making it the correct answer.